How to crack the "talent code" of high-level technological self-reliance
Cultivating innovative talents is a "must"
Yuan Yaxiang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a mathematician, started his scientific research in China with a sum of 13,000 yuan.
In 1988, Yuan Yaxiang, who returned from studying at Cambridge University, became the youngest researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
At the age of 28, he received a research grant of 13,000 yuan.
For Yuan Yaxiang, who was engaged in basic research, the "quite a lot" at that time was enough to carry out some research.
According to the 1988 Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development, the average income of urban residents that year could be used for living expenses was 1119 yuan.
Yuan Yaxiang, who is well aware of the difficulty of starting and cultivating scientific and technological talents, will cheer for young scientific researchers whenever he has the opportunity.
Even if he became the director, academician, and even the vice chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology, this has not changed at all.
Since he became a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in 2013, Yuan Yaxiang's proposals have always been inseparable from young people and talents, because he knows that "the prosperity of a country is based on talents, success is made by talents, and careers are made by talents."
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to "implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and strengthen the support of talents in modernization construction", and for the first time, the three major strategies of education, science and technology, and talents were deployed in a special chapter and expressed in a concentrated way, which is of far-reaching significance.
Gao Song, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of Sun Yat-sen University, believes that the upcoming scientific and technological revolution, the irresistible process of revival, and the inevitable competition between major powers have put forward higher requirements for the scale and quality of innovative talents, and the strategic connotation of innovative talents lies in being able to lead the future.
"A country's hard power and soft power ultimately depend on its talent," Gao Song said.
A must-answer question behind the self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology
Liu Zheng, born in the 1980s, is a newly elected member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
The two proposals he carefully researched and prepared are related to innovative talents.
In the view of the chief technologist of Capital Aerospace Machinery Co., Ltd., the First Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, scientific and technological innovation ultimately depends on talents.
He sorted out the status quo of the development of aerospace manufacturing technology and found that there is still a long way to go to meet the needs of major aerospace projects in the future.
At present, the laboratories of colleges and universities focus on solving "0 to 1" breakthroughs, which are still far from engineering applications, and aerospace manufacturing enterprises have long relied on model traction... After all, they still lack a specialized process research and development system and corresponding talents.
The first proposal he submitted was to focus on the establishment of a national key laboratory with a leading aerospace manufacturing enterprise as the core, and a strong alliance.
Another of his proposals refers directly to the cultivation of technical skills personnel.
According to the calculation of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, in 2020, the demand for talents in the field of intelligent manufacturing in my country will be 7.5 million, and the talent gap will reach 3 million.
By 2025, the talent demand will reach 9 million people, and the talent gap will reach 4.5 million people.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China mentioned "promoting the high-end, intelligent, and green development of the manufacturing industry." Liu Zheng believes that in response to this spirit, we must start by cultivating talents with intelligent manufacturing engineering skills.
He told reporters from China Youth Daily and China Youth Daily that the current employment of science and technology enterprises faces many problems: on the one hand, the employment system of enterprises has not kept up with the speed of technological development; The output of students and training lags behind the needs of enterprises by 2-4 years; and with the development of intelligent manufacturing technology, a large number of laborers' experience and technology are integrated into machinery and equipment, and the next generation of practitioners need to "understand" technology to be able to innovate and develop , The requirements for employment continue to increase.
Cracking the proposition of high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement hides a must-answer question: how to cultivate innovative talents.
Liu Zheng suggested that a talent training system for intelligent manufacturing engineering and technical skills should be established, and evaluation standards should be improved; salaries should be further improved to increase the attractiveness of high-quality youth in the field of scientific and technological innovation.
Deng Qianchun, a deputy to the National People's Congress from the agricultural science and technology front, was deeply touched by this.
As a researcher at the Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, he is familiar with the development of my country's characteristic oil industry: sunflower seeds, sesame, linseed and other special oil resources are abundant, with an annual output of 12 million tons, and they have extremely high nutritional and health value.
But he is also aware of the seriousness of the problem. There are many problems in the industry, such as insufficient value mining, weak competitiveness, and weak anti-risk ability, and the industry's resilience needs to be improved urgently.
Analyzing the reasons behind it, Deng Qianchun believes that compared with bulk oil plants, there are many types of specialty oil plants, great differences, and strong specificity. limited, and the accumulation of innovative elements for building a characteristic oil industry cluster is insufficient.
He suggested to strengthen the cultivation of talents in the whole industry chain of characteristic oil and the construction of major innovation platforms, form a group of high-quality talents and professional platform clusters, and create and enhance the national agricultural science and technology strategic force for characteristic oil.
Laying a solid foundation for a science and technology building requires education
In the view of many people, to achieve high-level technological independence and self-reliance, it is necessary to strengthen basic research and lay a solid foundation for the building of scientific and technological undertakings.
Yuan Yaxiang believes that basic research requires a large number of people who really love science, are willing to be lonely, and persistently study, and a group of innovative and high-level talents are needed.
"Why do our students always lack curiosity? Some students have very good grades in the college entrance examination, but why do they lack innovation?" Zhang Xinmin, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a researcher at the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that to answer these questions, it is necessary to look back at talent training In primary and secondary schools and even kindergarten stages, education, technology, and talents are three lines that need to be considered as a whole.
He said that basic education is as important as basic research. "If a child does not do well in kindergarten, primary school, and middle school, and the foundation is not solid, it will be difficult to do well in the next level."
Li Hongbin, a representative of the National People's Congress and director of the International Office of Nanjing Foreign Language School, brought a proposal this year - to speed up the establishment of a Chinese model for the cultivation of top-notch innovative reserve talents, and to carry out the "early discovery and early training" of top-notch innovative talents for the whole country and for all students Practice and exploration, open up the training channels for primary and secondary schools, and establish an effective mechanism for layer-by-layer selection and centralized training.
As a national strategic scientific and technological force, universities not only export scientific and technological achievements to the country and society, but also export talents, especially innovative talents.
Shi Weidong, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of Nantong University, believes that maximizing the intelligence and talents of young people and making them the main force of technological innovation is the top priority of current youth work.
He found that there are currently some negative factors in resource allocation and evaluation, such as qualifications, years of experience, etc., which have become obstacles for young talents to stand out early; employers only focus on introduction, not training and services, and they cannot provide young people with good careers. environment.
In addition, some unhealthy social thoughts that are eager for quick success and instant benefit will also affect the growth of young talents.
Only by solving these problems can young talents be better able to "take the lead" and "be the protagonist".
"We need to change the 'one size fits all' evaluation criteria, get rid of the constraints of age and seniority, and rationally adjust the weight of professional titles, performance and other indicators and actual contributions, so that talented and potential young people can settle down to do scientific research." Shi Weidong suggested , Establish an evaluation system that conforms to the growth law of scientific research talents, respects and reflects the value of talents.
Unleash the vitality of young talents to the greatest extent
How to stimulate the innovation vitality and development potential of young scientific and technological talents?
This is the issue that Yuan Bin, a deputy to the National People's Congress and member of the Standing Committee of the Sanjiang Science and Technology Committee of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, has focused on this year.
He told reporters that currently young scientific and technological workers have become the main force in my country's aerospace industry. However, young employees are facing a lot of pressure in work and life. How to make young employees work steadily and reduce worries is an urgent problem to be solved.
"In the critical period of advancing the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, my country urgently needs to introduce and cultivate a group of high-end innovative talents with strong innovation capabilities who can lead a new round of technological and industrial transformation. At the same time, an important issue is to make good use of existing human resources. ——Release the vitality of young talents and provide new impetus for self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology." Yuan Bin said.
He took his own unit as an example. In terms of talent utilization, it is necessary to continuously tap and discover young scientific and technological talents, establish a talent utilization mechanism based on trust, and give leading talents greater decision-making power over technical routes, funding control and resource scheduling. right.
In terms of talent evaluation, you can try to establish a comprehensive point index system with basic information, performance contribution, work experience, and talent training as the content, and apply it in the fields of professional title evaluation, job ability level evaluation, etc.
This is especially true in the field of basic research.
Shi Weidong told reporters that it is necessary to increase support for young scientific and technological talents in the initial stage of scientific research and basic scientific research, provide more opportunities for the development of young scientific and technological talents, encourage young talents to dare to put forward new theories, open up new fields, and explore new paths. Unique efforts have been made, and breakthroughs have been made in the original debut.
This coincides with Yuan Yaxiang's 2021 proposal-"prohibit setting unreasonable quantitative assessment indicators for young scholars".
Yuan Yaxiang once pointed out that young scientific and technological personnel in my country's science and technology education sector face multiple pressures such as renewal and promotion, and excessive academic pressure is not conducive to their work with peace of mind.
He believes that some universities and units have set quantitative assessment indicators. This method of calculating "work points" is obviously not a common practice in the international academic circles, and it does not conform to the actual development law of science and technology. It will mislead young scientific and technological workers eager for quick success. It will seriously affect the sound development of my country's scientific research, especially basic research.
This proposal caused considerable repercussions at the time.
Relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Science and Technology later replied that some reforms will be carried out according to the growth and development characteristics of young scientific and technological personnel, and the previous practice of focusing too much on the number of scientific research jobs will be gradually corrected.
On February 24 this year, the State Council Information Office held a press conference to introduce the situation of "deeply implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and accelerating the construction of a technologically powerful country".
At the meeting, Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang made a special elaboration on the trinity of education, science and technology, and talents. In his view, the three goals of strengthening the country through talents, science and technology, and education are coordinated and promoted, and they are all aimed at modernization. The key point is still to Falling on scientific and technological personnel, China needs a large number of high-level scientific and technological personnel to achieve a strong industry, a strong economy, and a strong country with strong talents and strong science and technology.
After the meeting, Wang Zhigang added to reporters from China Youth Daily and China Youth Daily: "Youth is the greatest hope for any career in the future, and it is also the focus of our work. In the future, we must attract more people to learn science and technology, and we must encourage them to go to China. Do technology."
China Youth Daily China Youth Daily reporter Qiu Chenhui Zhang Qian Ye Yuting Source: China Youth Daily