Incidents involving drones have been on the rise in recent months in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Moscow accuses the United States of ordering the alleged Ukrainian drone attack on the Kremlin.

These devices target military bases or energy infrastructure on both sides of borders. The presence of armed drones in theatres of operations is increasingly important, as evidenced by the Ukrainian conflict, and this poses many difficulties, says Franck Lefèvre, Director of Defence Programs at ONERA. The difficulty we face today is that these are small drones capable of carrying loads that can do a lot of damage, he says.