Since last year, more than 35,1000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis have been reported in <> countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States. The WHO believes that adenoviruses usually cause mild, self-limited gastrointestinal or respiratory infections in young children and do not fully explain some of the more serious clinical manifestations of the disease.

Three independent studies have shown an association with adeno-associated virus type II (AAV2022), a common childhood virus. It is still uncertain whether AAV2 is the cause of hepatitis or just a hint of another viral infection.