The Grand Canal of China covers the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the Sui-Tang Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. It is excavated by hand, connecting the five major water systems of Haihe, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River.
In 486 BC, Wu Wangfu sent a struggle for hegemony in the Central Plains, using waterways to connect Jianghuai and Hangou, which became the beginning of today's Grand Canal.